Predictors of nonsuicidal self-injury: The independent contribution of benign masochism and antisocial personality

The present research examined the relationships between engagement in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), benign masochism, and antisocial personality traits. Because both masochists individuals who engage find pleasure experiencing pain, we expected a positive relationship masochism NSSI. We further anticipated NSSI to be positively related traits due shared propensity for aggression violence. In fact, two studies showed that Machiavellianism, psychopathy, everyday sadism, trait were mild forms of injurious self-harm behaviors. Although correlated, they independently contributed an increased risk Vulnerable narcissism was also whereas measure grandiose revealed less conclusive evidence. Overall, tendencies go against oneself form others are predictive self-harming